一、作用原理： 典型平板玻璃的化學(xué)成分為：CaO(8％-10％)，Na2SiO3(10-15%）SiO270％-74％)，Na20(12％-5％)，CaSiO3（1％-3.8％)，A1203(0.2％-1.8％)；K20(0％-0.5％)（天津泰晶技術(shù)中心拷貝必究），還含有少量的硫化鎳等雜質(zhì)。這些化學(xué)元素的在受到外界高溫沖擊到一定程度時(shí)候，整體膨脹系數增強，導致玻璃膨脹炸裂 。高膨脹系數離子混合置換劑主要是在一定溫度下置換出這些高膨脹系數離子，同時(shí)靶向植入化學(xué)固定離子（鈦離子、鋰離子、銫離子，釩離子等）。植入的離子在高溫下化學(xué)活性達到端點(diǎn)值，在靶向溶劑以及專(zhuān)用螯合劑的作用下植入的金屬鹽離子與玻璃內部原有離子團自由有機結合，形成更穩定熱膨脹系數低的分子團，從而改變玻璃的整體熱膨脹性能。在離子螯合劑作用下經(jīng)特殊鋼化后形成的化合銀、氧化鈦、鈉鋰硅等離子網(wǎng)帶熱膨脹系數很低，可以使成品在高溫沖擊下保持一定時(shí)間的穩定性，同時(shí)反應形成的二氧化鈦對紫外線(xiàn)有一定的吸收屏蔽能力，可以提高在長(cháng)期陽(yáng)光照射下的成品的使用壽命。目前新一代置換劑中加入了專(zhuān)用離子螯合劑可在持續熱導狀態(tài)下形成低膨脹系數離子網(wǎng)，更大提高成品整體防護性能。 The chemical composition of typical flat glass is: Cao (8% - 10%), Na2SiO3 (10-15%), sio270% - 74%), Na20 (12% - 5%), CaSiO3 (1% - 3.8%), A1203 (0.2% - 1.8%); K20(0％-0.5％)It also contains a small amount of nickel sulfide and other impurities. When these chemical elements are impacted by external high temperature to a certain extent, the overall expansion coefficient increases, resulting in glass expansion and cracking. The mixed displacement agent of high expansion coefficient ions mainly displaces these high expansion coefficient ions at a certain temperature and targets the implanted chemical elements Fixed ion (titanium ion, lithium ion, cesium ion, vanadium ion, etc.). The chemical activity of the implanted ions reaches the endpoint value at high temperature. Under the action of targeted solvent and special chelating agent, the implanted metal salt ions combine freely and organically with the original ion groups in the glass to form more stable molecular groups with low thermal expansion coefficient, so as to change the overall thermal expansion performance of the glass The thermal expansion coefficient of silver, titanium oxide and sodium lithium silicon plasma mesh belt formed after special tempering under the action is very low, which can maintain the stability of the finished product for a certain time under the impact of high temperature. At the same time, the titanium dioxide formed by the reaction has a certain absorption and shielding ability to ultraviolet rays, which can improve the service life of the finished product under long-term sunlight. At present, a special ion chelating agent is added to the new generation of displacement agent, which can form an ion network with low expansion coefficient under the state of continuous thermal conductivity, and greatly improve the overall protection performance of the finished product. 二、產(chǎn)品介紹：    置換用溶劑的生產(chǎn)是需要嚴苛的技術(shù)和設備，天津市泰晶技術(shù)中心擁有成熟的離子包被技術(shù)，單質(zhì)離子靶向滲透技術(shù)，螯合劑預混技術(shù)都是生產(chǎn)置換劑的主要技術(shù)，自1999年以來(lái)已歷經(jīng)20余年，技術(shù)成熟質(zhì)量穩定。公開(kāi)工藝介紹：首先將低膨脹物質(zhì)本塊進(jìn)行離子對撞取得離子，瞬間實(shí)施離子防氧化包被，然后加入離子螯合劑和保護劑真空氣化混勻形成室溫穩定溶劑。（天津泰晶技術(shù)中心拷貝必究）具體流程公開(kāi)如下：           1、鈦、鋰、銀、釩、銫等純物質(zhì)本塊對撞后特保封存。           2、多種離子包被液制備預混，A類(lèi)靶向溶劑制備預混。           3、離子包被處理，A類(lèi)靶向溶劑沖入，同時(shí)加抗氧劑。           4、防輻射多層混合，真空保護下氣化混入B靶向溶劑。           5、超低溫驟冷，抗氧介入平衡，多項標檢，靜置灌裝。           6、低溫庫保存8小時(shí)后環(huán)保監測，實(shí)效備案分裝出廠(chǎng)。 目前因物流運輸審核需要置換劑一律采用標準化學(xué)名稱(chēng)。原廠(chǎng)產(chǎn)品標簽均標明商品名稱(chēng)或化學(xué)名稱(chēng)，并無(wú)其他簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)和代稱(chēng)。產(chǎn)品化學(xué)物質(zhì)分類(lèi)為：離子助劑。 The production of displacement solvent requires rigorous technology and equipment. Tianjin Taijing technology center has mature ion coating technology, single ion targeted penetration technology and chelating agent premixing technology. It has been more than 20 years since 1999, with mature technology and stable quality. Introduction to the public process: firstly, the low expansion material is collided with ions to obtain ions, and the ion anti-oxidation coating is implemented instantly. Then, ion chelating agent and protective agent are added and vacuum gasified and mixed to form a stable solvent at room temperature. (the copy of Tianjin Taijing Technology Center q2432759288 must be investigated) the specific process is disclosed as follows: 1. Pure materials such as titanium, lithium, silver, vanadium and cesium are specially preserved and sealed after collision. 2. A variety of ion coating solutions are prepared for premixing, and class a targeted solvents are prepared for premixing. 3. The ion package is treated, class a targeted solvent is washed in, and antioxidant is added at the same time. 4. Anti radiation multi-layer mixing, gasification under vacuum protection, mixed with B targeted solvent. 5. Ultra low temperature quenching, anti oxygen intervention balance, multiple standard inspections, static filling. 6. Environmental protection monitoring shall be carried out after being stored in the low-temperature warehouse for 8 hours, and the actual effect shall be filed and shipped separately. At present, due to the need of logistics and transportation audit, the replacement agent adopts the standard chemical name. The labels of the original products are marked with the commodity name or chemical name, and there are no other abbreviations and pronouns. Product chemicals are classified as: ionic additive 三、生產(chǎn)工藝及設備改造方案：    使用工藝：原片遴選前處理--冷化學(xué)方式離子添加-離子固定-特種鋼化-網(wǎng)帶形成均質(zhì)固定-自檢。（天津泰晶技術(shù)中心拷貝必究）工藝實(shí)施過(guò)程中，溶液與玻璃表面接觸靶向滲透，首先將玻璃內的熱膨脹系數高的物質(zhì)置換出來(lái)進(jìn)入空氣氧化掉，同時(shí)低膨脹系數的貴金屬離子在一定溫度下化合活性達到端點(diǎn)值，與玻璃本身原有離子團有機結合，再進(jìn)行物理封閉鋼化，形成穩定的低熱膨脹系數的分子團，從而改變玻璃的整體性能。原廠(chǎng)溶液廠(chǎng)家都會(huì )提供技術(shù)手冊給使用企業(yè)，手冊包含(一)技術(shù)介紹(二)核心工藝（三）設備改造方案（四）技術(shù)實(shí)施試驗方案（五）成品自檢方案等詳細的數字化的介紹，并根據使用企業(yè)實(shí)際情況提供實(shí)際生產(chǎn)方案。 設備改造方案：一般能制造符合國標的3c鋼化玻璃的企業(yè)主要是在三方面對現有設備進(jìn)行改造1、鋼化加熱穩定性；2、鋼化爐風(fēng)壓和開(kāi)口形狀；3、輔助加熱均質(zhì)設備添加，具體參數標準可看技術(shù)手冊《三、設備改造方案》。 Application process: pretreatment of original film selection - cold chemical ion addition - ion fixation - special tempering - mesh belt formation, homogeneous fixation - self inspection. (q2432759288 copy of Tianjin Taijing technology center must be investigated) during the process implementation, the solution contacts with the glass surface for targeted penetration. Firstly, the substances with high coefficient of thermal expansion in the glass are replaced and oxidized in the air. At the same time, the chemical activity of precious metal ions with low coefficient of expansion reaches the endpoint value at a certain temperature, organically combines with the original ion groups of the glass itself, and then carries out chemical penetration Physical sealing and tempering to form stable molecular groups with low coefficient of thermal expansion, so as to change the overall properties of the glass. The original solution manufacturers will provide technical manuals to users. The manuals include detailed digital introduction such as (I) technical introduction (II) core process (III) equipment transformation scheme (IV) technical implementation test scheme (V) finished product self inspection scheme, and provide actual production scheme according to the actual situation of users. Equipment transformation scheme: generally, enterprises that can manufacture 3C tempered glass conforming to the national standard mainly transform the existing equipment in three aspects: 1. Tempering heating stability; 2. Air pressure and opening shape of tempering furnace; 3. For the addition of auxiliary heating homogenization equipment, see the technical manual III. equipment transformation scheme for specific parameter standards. 四、置換劑真偽鑒別：    由于置換劑生產(chǎn)工藝復雜，設備特殊，價(jià)格偏高，產(chǎn)量不高等原因一直沒(méi)有商品化。而市場(chǎng)大量充斥的溶液均屬化學(xué)分子調配制造，并不具備置換高膨脹離子的功能，更不可能完成置換反應，這就形成了企業(yè)不懂原理購買(mǎi)假溶劑，或者買(mǎi)到真溶液不改善硬件設備，不嚴格按照工藝生產(chǎn)，不能將工藝實(shí)施完整，形成了掩耳盜鈴式的生產(chǎn)模式，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量無(wú)法保證。下列方式鑒別置換劑真偽的比較常用方式： 1、成品燒檢，采用符合國標的燒檢爐進(jìn)行自檢，現在很多企業(yè)已經(jīng)完全具備燒檢能力，但要保證爐子的質(zhì)量，只有“尺子”準了才可以“量體裁衣”。 2、從樣品感官鑒別溶液：合格溶液有微甘氣味/不刺激/澄清透明，也有個(gè)別仿冒企業(yè)針對溶液氣味做模仿，但只要與合格溶液對比就很容易辨別。 3、合格溶液無(wú)毒無(wú)害無(wú)明顯刺激性，但遇到水泥地面會(huì )產(chǎn)生氣泡。 4、找一塊潔凈的浮法平板玻璃，表面噴涂烘烤干燥后會(huì )出現較均勻的褐色斑點(diǎn)。 5、合格溶液氣溫越高氣味會(huì )變小，這是因為螯合劑在起作用。 6、原廠(chǎng)溶液具備內置防偽標識（泰晶技術(shù)中心拷貝必究）：    溶液采用內置離子防偽標識，就是在溶液中加入了一種特定頑固離子，利用離子包被技術(shù)和離子靶向技術(shù)等專(zhuān)利技術(shù)讓這種離子在溶液的使用過(guò)程中均勻的分部到玻璃內，具有高耐氧化性能和分散性能，能夠在5平方厘米的碎片中檢測其分布率，以便對企業(yè)添加量和是否添加做出科學(xué)準確的判斷，這也是國際通用的化學(xué)助劑防偽方式，這點(diǎn)也是對使用客戶(hù)的一種有效售后保障，使用多少，是夠合理都可以進(jìn)行甄別。 五、成品率控制問(wèn)題：    1、不噴涂溶液沒(méi)有進(jìn)行置換反應玻璃內部無(wú)分子結構的改變。在“高應力”鋼化爐的高風(fēng)壓和急冷作用下玻璃表面雖然會(huì )形成的一層硬度分層，可以起到防火作用，但在不同的厚度平板玻璃表面成形成的厚度不同，因為不同厚度的平板玻璃分子單元吸熱能力不同的，另外其雜質(zhì)帶也不均勻故而形成的硬度層也一定不均勻，并且越是厚玻璃越不均勻。這就使整塊平板玻璃形成了熱應力值很不平衡的成品單元，類(lèi)似沒(méi)有鋼筋的水泥塊。（泰晶技術(shù)中心拷貝必究）也就是人們常說(shuō)的成品表現出脆性很大，容易炸裂，從而導致檢測成品率降低。    2、噴涂的溶液不合格，使用化工原料調配而成的不具備離子狀態(tài)的溶液，在與玻璃表面結合時(shí)，不能產(chǎn)生離子置換反應，不會(huì )置換出高膨脹雜質(zhì)同時(shí)更不會(huì )形成穩定分子結構。銫、鈦等離子只有經(jīng)過(guò)離子包被技術(shù)，在離子狀態(tài)下經(jīng)靶向溶劑作用，噴涂到玻璃表面后進(jìn)行螯合置換反應才可以與玻璃內部硅酸鹽有機結合成致密低膨脹結構，而分子狀態(tài)下的碳酸銫常溫下不能與硅酸鹽固有結構產(chǎn)生置換反應，不能形成低膨脹結構，導致檢測成品率降低。